Once we have identified vulnerabilities, we will attempt to exploit them in order to gain entry to the targeted system.
There are three phases to this stage:
Exploit – use vulnerabilities to gain access to a system, e.g. inject commands into an application that provide control over the target.
Escalate – attempt to use the exploited control over the target to increase access or escalate privileges to obtain further rights to the system, such as admin privileges.
Advance – attempt to move from the target system across the infrastructure to find other vulnerable systems (lateral movement) potentially using escalated privileges from target systems and attempting to gain further escalated privileges and access to the network.